Les Nabis originated as a rebellious group of young student artists who banded together at the Académie Julian. Paul Sérusier galvanized Les Nabis, and provided the name and disseminated the example of Paul Gauguin among them. Pierre Bonnard, Edouard Vuillard and Maurice Denis became the best known of the group; at the time, however, they were somewhat peripheral to the core group.
Nabis, group of artists who, through their widely diverse activities, exerted a major influence on the art produced in France during the late 19th century. They maintained that a work of art reflects an artist’s synthesis of nature into personal aesthetic metaphors and symbols.
The Nabis were greatly influenced by Japanese woodcuts, French Symbolist painting, and English Pre-Raphaelite art. Their primary inspiration, however, stemmed from the Pont-Aven school, which centred on the Post-Impressionist painter Paul Gauguin.
Although there was no unified Nabis style, the artists emphasized the flatness of the painting surface by using simplified areas of colour, patterned designs, and contours that were often stylized and decorative. For instance, Vuillard typically painted interiors with rich wallpaper and fabric designs; Bonnard was known for his interest in Japanese prints, which inspired his bold compositions and use of striped and checked patterns; and Denis favoured graceful arabesques.
Although the achievements of the Nabis were overshadowed by the many avant-garde movements that dominated Western art in the decades that followed, their ideas helped pave the way for the early 20th-century development of abstract and nonrepresentational art.
Pierre Bonnard
Maurice Denis
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